Immortelle Reset Overnight Reset Oil-In Serum. The historic core of Strasbourg, however, lies on the Grande le in the river Ill, which here flows parallel to, and roughly 4 kilometres (2.5mi) from, the Rhine. 4.5. Serum. [7] Strasbourg's metropolitan area had a population of 846,450 in 2018,[3] making it the eighth-largest metro area in France and home to 14% of the Grand Est region's inhabitants. As of 2020, the city of Strasbourg has eleven municipal museums (including Aubette 1928),[40] eleven university museums,[41] and at least two privately owned museums (Muse vodou and Muse du barreau de Strasbourg). Together with Basel (Bank for International Settlements), Geneva (United Nations), The Hague (International Court of Justice) and New York City (United Nations world headquarters), Strasbourg is among the few cities in the world that is not a state capital that hosts international organisations of the first order. The futuristic Parc des Poteries is an example of European park-conception in the late 1990s. An organization separate from the European Union, the Council of Europe (with its European Court of Human Rights, its European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines most commonly known in French as "Pharmacope Europenne", and its European Audiovisual Observatory) is also located in the city. Between 362 and 1262, Strasbourg was governed by the bishops of Strasbourg; their rule was reinforced in 873 and then more in 982. The city is chiefly known for its sandstone Gothic Cathedral with its famous astronomical clock, and for its medieval cityscape of Rhineland black and white timber-framed buildings, particularly in the Petite France district or Gerberviertel ("tanners' district") alongside the Ill and in the streets and squares surrounding the cathedral, where the renowned Maison Kammerzell stands out. This logic of filtering a mode of transport is fully expressed in a comprehensive model for laying out neighbourhoods and districts the Fused Grid. Paroles de Gaulois", "Distance entre Paris et Strasbourg en voiture", "Strasbourg Climate Strasbourg Temperatures Strasbourg Weather Averages", "Temperature, Climate graph, Climate table for Strasbourg", "Les climats en France - Ressources pour les enseignants - Ressources lmentaire", "Canicule de juin 2019: retour sur un pisode exceptionnel", "Record de froid: -15 degrs Strasbourg cette nuit", "Daily measurements for Strasbourg and Alsace", "Outlines of the urban transportation policy led by the urban community of Strasbourg", "Normes et records 19611990: Strasbourg-Entzheim (67) altitude 150m", "Muse Archologique - Strasbourg De la Prhistoire au Moyen-ge en Alsace", "Strasbourg - Eglise protestante Saint-Thomas", "Parc de la Citadelle with remains of the Vauban fortress", "Antiquits gyptiennes Muse Archologique", "The Christmas Markets: a success story dating back to 1570", Strasbourg ouvre une grande mdiathque sur le port, "La bibliothque ancienne du Grand Sminaire", "Europe's New Trams Are Reviving a Golden Age of Transit", "Strasbourg: une bauche de ZAD contre le projet de grand contournement ouest", "Strasbourg Public Transportation Statistics", Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, "List of international institutions in Strasbourg", "Comparative Law Academy: the ECHR and the FCC", "Cache Numismatics - All Things Numismatic", "British towns twinned with French towns", "Wolfgng Amadeus Mozart: Konzert fr Violine und Orchester in D-Dur, KV 218", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strasbourg&oldid=1120074605, Source 2: Infoclimat.fr (relative humidity 19611990), Prints and drawings until 1871 are displayed in the, Artefacts from Ancient Egypt are on display in two entirely different collections, one in the. 7% of travellers on public transport travel for more than 2 hours every day. The third highest temperature ever recorded was 39.5C (103.1F) in August 2003, during the 2003 European heat wave. [76] The women's tennis Internationaux de Strasbourg is one of the most important French tournaments of its kind outside Roland-Garros. Other noticeable contemporary buildings are the new Music school Cit de la Musique et de la Danse, the Muse d'Art moderne et contemporain and the Htel du Dpartement facing it, as well as, in the outskirts, the tramway-station Hoenheim-Nord designed by Zaha Hadid. Sporting teams from Strasbourg are the Racing Club de Strasbourg Alsace (football), SIG Strasbourg (basketball) and the toile Noire (ice hockey). [11] Strasbourg is immersed in Franco-German culture and although violently disputed throughout history, has been a cultural bridge between France and Germany for centuries, especially through the University of Strasbourg, currently the second-largest in France, and the coexistence of Catholic and Protestant culture. Among the darkest periods in the city's long history were the years 1349 (Strasbourg massacre), 1518 (Dancing plague), 1793 (Reign of Terror), 1870 (Siege of Strasbourg) and the years 19401944 with the Nazi occupation (atrocities such as the Jewish skeleton collection) and the British and American bombing raids. It means that the network adaptations favour active transport and, selectively, "filter out" the car by reducing the number of streets that run through the centre. Delegates from the city took part in the Protestation at Speyer. The modern Stras- is cognate with the German Strae and English street, both derived from Latin strata ("paved road"), while -bourg is cognate with the German Burg and English borough, both derived from Proto-Germanic *burgz ("hill fort, fortress"). That name is of Germanic origin and means 'town (at the crossing) of roads'. Joshy's house - a venue for performance poetry and freestyle urban music. Notable medieval streets include Rue Mercire, Rue des Dentelles, Rue du Bain aux Plantes, Rue des Juifs, Rue des Frres, Rue des Tonneliers, Rue du Maroquin, Rue des Charpentiers, Rue des Serruriers, Grand' Rue, Quai des Bateliers, Quai Saint-Nicolas and Quai Saint-Thomas. [13][14], Until the fifth century CE, the city was known as Argantorati (in the nominative, Argantorate in the locative), a Celtic Gaulish name Latinised first as Argentorate (with Gaulish locative ending, as appearing on the first Roman milestones in the first century CE) and then as Argentoratum (with regular Latin nominative ending, in later Latin texts). The largest baroque building of Strasbourg though is the 150-metre-long (490ft) 1720s main building of the Hpital civil. This routes well to the west of the city in order to divest a significant portion of motorized traffic from the unit urbaine. In 2019, the city proper had 287,228 inhabitants and both the Euromtropole de Strasbourg (Greater Strasbourg) and the Arrondissement of Strasbourg had 505,272 inhabitants. $59.00 / size: 1 oz. Strasbourg has a humid subtropical climate (Kppen: Cfa),[18][19] though with less maritime influence than the milder climates of Western and Southern France. Strasbourg is situated at the eastern border of France with Germany. Strasbourg (UK: / s t r z b r /, US: / s t r s b r , s t r z-,-b r /, French: (); German: Straburg [tasbk] (); Bas Rhin Alsatian: Strossburi [dsbui] (), Haut Rhin Alsatian: Strossburig [dsbui] ()) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the . In 1871, after the Franco-Prussian War, the city became German again, until 1918 (end of World War I), when it reverted to France. At present the A35 autoroute, which parallels the Rhine between Karlsruhe and Basel, and the A4 autoroute, which links Paris with Strasbourg, penetrate close to the centre of the city. This section of the Rhine valley is a major axis of northsouth travel, with river traffic on the Rhine itself, and major roads and railways paralleling it on both banks. Some other notable dates were the years 357 (Battle of Argentoratum), 842 (Oaths of Strasbourg), 1538 (establishment of the university), 1605 (world's first newspaper printed by Johann Carolus), 1792 (La Marseillaise), and 1889 (pancreatic origin of diabetes discovered by Minkowski and Von Mering). Strasbourg played an important part in the Protestant Reformation, with personalities such as John Calvin, Martin Bucer, Wolfgang Capito, Matthew and Katharina Zell, but also in other aspects of Christianity such as German mysticism, with Johannes Tauler, Pietism, with Philipp Spener, and Reverence for Life, with Albert Schweitzer. We compare the two products based on their ingredients and safety information. [39] [23][24] Nonetheless, the progressive disappearance of heavy industry on both banks of the Rhine, as well as effective measures of traffic regulation in and around the city have reduced air pollution in recent years. Strasbourg (UK: /strzbr/,[4] US: /strsbr, strz-, -br/,[5] French:[stasbu] (listen); German: Straburg [tasbk] (listen); Bas Rhin Alsatian: Strossburi [dsbui] (listen), Haut Rhin Alsatian: Strossburig[6] [dsbui] (listen)) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the European Parliament. In 2016, Strasbourg was promoted from capital of Alsace to capital of Grand Est. In 1682 the Canal de la Bruche was added to the river navigations, initially to provide transport for sandstone from quarries in the Vosges for use in the fortification of the city. The largest square at the centre of the city of Strasbourg is the Place Klber. The average distance people usually travel in a single trip on public transport is 3.9km (2.4mi), whilst none travels for more than 12km (7.5mi) in a single direction. With more than 500km (311mi) of bicycle paths, biking in the city is convenient and the CTS operates a cheap bike-sharing scheme named Vlhop. But the two most handsome and ornate buildings of these times are the cole internationale des Pontonniers (the former Hhere Mdchenschule, with its towers, turrets and multiple round and square angles[35] and the Haute cole des arts du Rhin with its lavishly ornate faade of painted bricks, woodwork and majolica.[36]. The CTS, and its predecessors, also operated a previous generation of tram system between 1878 and 1960, complemented by trolleybus routes between 1939 and 1962.[69]. Powerful-Strength Line-Reducing Concentrate 12.5% Vitamin C. L'Occitane hand cream seems to be healing powers just as well. Honours associated with the city of Strasbourg. With 19 Nobel prizes in total, Strasbourg is the most eminent French university outside of Paris. High summer (July and August)however, experience no to very little precipitation because of the sinking humidity. [12], Economically, Strasbourg is an important centre of manufacturing and engineering, as well as a hub of road, rail, and river transportation. Strasbourg has cooperative agreements with:[85]. Strasbourg features a number of prominent parks, of which several are of cultural and historical interest: the Parc de l'Orangerie, laid out as a French garden by Andr le Ntre and remodeled as an English garden on behalf of Josphine de Beauharnais, now displaying noteworthy French gardens, a neo-classical castle and a small zoo; the Parc de la Citadelle, built around impressive remains of the 17th-century fortress erected close to the Rhine by Vauban;[37] the Parc de Pourtals, laid out in English style around a baroque castle (heavily restored in the 19th century) that now houses a small three-star hotel,[38] and featuring an open-air museum of international contemporary sculpture. In addition, these paths go through public squares and open spaces increasing the enjoyment of the trip. Five communes in the metropolitan area also have museums (see below), three of them dedicated to military history. A six stories high "Grande bibliothque", the Mdiathque Andr Malraux, was inaugurated on 19 September 2008 and is considered the largest in Eastern France. L'Occitane. According to a 1444 census, the population was circa 20,000; only one third less than Cologne, then a major European city.[52]. [73], Strasbourg is the seat of over twenty international institutions,[74] most famously of the Council of Europe and of the European Parliament, of which it is the official seat. [10] It is the second city in France in terms of international congress and symposia, after Paris. [45], The commune of Strasbourg proper had a population of 287,228 on 1 January 2019,[7] the result of a constant moderate annual growth which is also reflected in the constant growth of the number of students at its university (e. g. from 42,000 students in 2010 to 52,000 students in 2019). Strasbourg also has its own airport, serving major domestic destinations as well as international destinations in Europe and northern Africa. Today, Strasbourg's different public and institutional libraries again display a sizable total number of incunabula, distributed as follows: Bibliothque nationale et universitaire, ca. Impressive examples of Prussian military architecture of the 1880s can be found along the newly reopened Rue du Rempart, displaying large-scale fortifications among which the aptly named Kriegstor (war gate). palaces), among which the Palais Rohan (completed 1742, used for university purposes from 1872 to 1895,[34] now housing three museums) is the most spectacular. This concerns in particular the following domains: The Universit de Strasbourg is in charge of a number of permanent public displays of its collections of scientific artefacts and products of all kinds of exploration and research. It seems that both hand creams work great for the very dry skin, but L'Occitane simply does it better, as it absorbs in 30 seconds even in the hot, humid summertime. Among the numerous secular medieval buildings, the monumental Ancienne Douane (old custom-house) stands out. The collections in Strasbourg are distributed over a wide range of museums, according to a system that takes into account not only the types and geographical provenances of the items, but also the epochs. It was founded by the German administration after the complete destruction of the previous municipal library in 1871 and holds the unique status of being simultaneously a students' and a national library. Gregory of Tours was the first to mention the name change: in the tenth book of his History of the Franks written shortly after 590 he said that Egidius, Bishop of Reims, accused of plotting against King Childebert II of Austrasia in favor of his uncle King Chilperic I of Neustria, was tried by a synod of Austrasian bishops in Metz in November 590, found guilty and removed from the priesthood, then taken "ad Argentoratensem urbem, quam nunc Strateburgum vocant" ("to the city of Argentoratum, which they now call Strateburgus"), where he was exiled.[16]. In chronological order, notable people born in Strasbourg include: Eric of Friuli, Johannes Tauler, Sebastian Brant, Jean Baptiste Klber, Louis Ramond de Carbonnires, Franois Christophe Kellermann, Marie Tussaud, Ludwig I of Bavaria, Charles Frdric Gerhardt, Louis-Frdric Schtzenberger, Gustave Dor, mile Waldteufel, Ren Beeh, Jean/Hans Arp, Charles Mnch, Hans Bethe, Maurice Kriegel-Valrimont, Marcel Marceau, Tomi Ungerer, Elizabeth Sombart, Arsne Wenger, Petit and Matt Pokora. [8], In the Middle Ages, Strasbourg (a Free imperial city since 1262), was an important town. Located at the border with Germany in the historic region of Alsace, it is the prefecture of the Bas-Rhin department. The airport is linked to the Gare de Strasbourg by a frequent train service. [62] After the total destruction of this institution in 1870, however, a new collection had to be reassembled from scratch. It was established in 2005 and has been fully functional since 2010. Retrouvez toutes les informations du rseau TER Grand Est : horaires des trains, trafic en temps rel, achats de billets, offres et services en gare Train services operate from the Gare de Strasbourg, the city's main station in the city centre, eastward to Offenburg and Karlsruhe in Germany, westward to Metz and Paris, and southward to Basel. Only the part of the urban area on French territory. The Neo-Gothic church Saint-Pierre-le-Vieux Catholique (there is also an adjacent church Saint-Pierre-le-Vieux Protestant) serves as a shrine for several 15th-century wood-worked and painted altars coming from other, now destroyed churches and installed there for public display; especially the Passion of Christ. The CTS also operates a comprehensive bus network throughout the city that is integrated with the trams. Streets, boulevards and avenues are homogeneous, surprisingly high (up to seven stories) and broad examples of German urban lay-out and of this architectural style that summons and mixes up five centuries of European architecture as well as Neo-Egyptian, Neo-Greek and Neo-Babylonian styles. This border is formed by the Rhine, which also forms the eastern border of the modern city, facing across the river to the German town Kehl. Precipitation is elevated in the winter months, but there is also a peak during May and June, which is related to a few thunderstorms happening in that time. [72], The average amount of time people spend commuting on public transport in Strasbourg on weekdays is 52 min. [67][68], City transport in Strasbourg includes the futurist-looking Strasbourg tramway, which opened in 1994 and is operated by the regional transit company Compagnie des Transports Strasbourgeois (CTS), consisting of 6 lines with a total length of 55.8km (34.7mi). [30] In 1262, the citizens violently rebelled against the bishop's rule (Battle of Hausbergen) and Strasbourg became a free imperial city. [25], The Roman camp of Argentoratum was first mentioned in 12 BC; the city of Strasbourg which grew from it celebrated its 2,000th anniversary in 1988. which saw Fiat battle Bugatti, Ballot, Rolland Pilain, and Britain's Aston Martin and Sunbeam. Strasbourg is the seat of the following organisations, among others: France and Germany have created a Eurodistrict straddling the Rhine, combining the Greater Strasbourg and the Ortenau district of Baden-Wrttemberg, with some common administration. [17] The mouth of the Rhine lies approximately 450 kilometres (280mi) to the north, or 650 kilometres (400mi) as the river flows, whilst the head of navigation in Basel is some 100 kilometres (62mi) to the south, or 150 kilometres (93mi) by river. The city is some 397 kilometres (247mi) east of Paris. That canal has since closed, but the subsequent Canal du Rhne au Rhin, Canal de la Marne au Rhin and Grand Canal d'Alsace are still in use, as is the important activity of the Port autonome de Strasbourg. Schools part of the Universit de Strasbourg include: For middle school/junior high school education:[57], For senior high school/sixth form college:[57], The Bibliothque nationale et universitaire (BNU) is, with its collection of more than 3,000,000 titles,[59] the second-largest library in France after the Bibliothque nationale de France. As of 1 January 2009, those three universities have merged and now constitute the Universit de Strasbourg. Located in the heart of the city's commercial area, it was named after general Jean-Baptiste Klber, born in Strasbourg in 1753 and assassinated in 1800 in Cairo. In 1922, Strasbourg was the venue for the XVI Grand Prix de l'A.C.F. The German Renaissance has bequeathed the city some noteworthy buildings (especially the current Chambre de commerce et d'industrie, former town hall, on Place Gutenberg), as did the French Baroque and Classicism with several htels particuliers (i.e. A librarian from Munich later pointed out "that the destruction of the precious collection was not the fault of a German artillery officer, who used the French map, but of the slovenly and inaccurate scholarship of a Frenchman. Notable medieval squares include Place de la Cathdrale, Place du March Gayot, Place Saint-tienne, Place du March aux Cochons de Lait and Place Benjamin Zix. "[60], The municipal library Bibliothque municipale de Strasbourg (BMS) administrates a network of ten medium-sized librairies in different areas of the town. In addition to the cathedral, Strasbourg houses several other medieval churches that have survived the many wars and destructions that have plagued the city: the Romanesque glise Saint-tienne, partly destroyed in 1944 by Allied bombing raids; the part-Romanesque, part-Gothic, very large glise Saint-Thomas with its Silbermann organ on which Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Albert Schweitzer played;[32][33] the Gothic glise protestante Saint-Pierre-le-Jeune with its crypt dating back to the seventh century and its cloister partly from the eleventh century; the Gothic glise Saint-Guillaume with its fine early-Renaissance stained glass and furniture; the Gothic glise Saint-Jean; the part-Gothic, part-Art Nouveau glise Sainte-Madeleine etc. The former imperial palace Palais du Rhin, the most political and thus heavily criticized of all German Strasbourg buildings epitomizes the grand scale and stylistic sturdiness of this period. The natural courses of the two rivers eventually join some distance downstream of Strasbourg, although several artificial waterways now connect them within the city. As for French Neo-classicism, it is the Opera House on Place Broglie that most prestigiously represents this style. Strasbourg is the seat of internationally renowned institutions of music and drama: Other theatres are the Thtre jeune public, the TAPS Scala, the Kafteur Strasbourg, well known as centre of humanism, has a long history of excellence in higher-education, at the crossroads of French and German intellectual traditions. Serum. The most recent park is Parc du Heyritz (8,7 ha), opened in 2014 along a canal facing the hpital civil. Other bridges are the ornate 19th-century Pont de la Fonderie (1893, stone) and Pont d'Auvergne (1892, iron), as well as architect Marc Mimram's futuristic Passerelle over the Rhine, opened in 2004. [9] The city is the seat of many non-European international institutions such as the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine and the International Institute of Human Rights. European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines, Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine, Jardin botanique de l'Universit de Strasbourg, Muse Tomi Ungerer/Centre international de l'illustration, Strasbourg European Fantastic Film Festival, The Strasbourg International Film Festival, Institut d'tudes politiques de Strasbourg, Institut national des sciences appliques, Institut suprieur europen de gestion group, cole europenne de chimie, polymres et matriaux, cole pour l'informatique et les techniques avances, cole pour l'informatique et les nouvelles technologies, Institut national des tudes territoriales, Institut international d'tudes franaises, cole nationale du gnie de l'eau et de l'environnement de Strasbourg, Centre universitaire d'enseignement du journalisme, cole nationale suprieure de physique de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg Notable academics and alumni, Observatory of Strasbourg Notable astronomers, List of bishops, prince-bishops and archbishops of Strasbourg, List of twin towns and sister cities in France, The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, "Unit urbaine 2020 de Strasbourg (partie franaise) (67701)", "Aire d'attraction des villes 2020 de Strasbourg (partie franaise) (010)", "Populations lgales en vigueur compter du 1er janvier 2022", Institut national de la statistique et des tudes conomiques, "The international institute of Human Rights", "France Vows to Kick out Islamic Troublemakers", "Port de Strasbourg: le trafic chute de 26% en 2018, plus bas historique", "Quand l'argent tait d'or. The Jardin des deux Rives, spread over Strasbourg and Kehl on both sides of the Rhine opened in 2004 and is the most extended (60-hectare) park of the agglomeration. These attributes are accomplished by applying the principle of "filtered permeability" to the existing irregular network of streets. The transnational Eurodistrict Strasbourg-Ortenau had a population of 958,421 inhabitants. [8] Strasbourg is one of the de facto four main capitals of the European Union (alongside Brussels, Luxembourg and Frankfurt), as it is the seat of several European institutions, such as the European Parliament, the Eurocorps and the European Ombudsman of the European Union. Being on the Ill and close to the Rhine, Strasbourg has always been an important centre of fluvial navigation, as is attested by archeological findings. It became a French city in 1681, after the conquest of Alsace by the armies of Louis XIV. Kiehl's Since 1851. Next to the Ponts Couverts is the Barrage Vauban, a part of Vauban's 17th-century fortifications, that does include a covered bridge. The tram system that now criss-crosses the historic city centre complements walking and biking in it. [71] After much delay, the GCO was finally inaugurated on 11 December 2021. It is also home to the largest Islamic place of worship in France, the Strasbourg Grand Mosque. Snow is a very rare event and falls on average only 3 days per year. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transport is 9 min and 11% of passengers wait for more than 20 minutes on average every day. While certain streets are discontinuous for cars, they connect to a network of pedestrian and bike paths which permeate the entire centre. 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