The nurse identifies which medication as the drug of choice for most infections caused by herpes simplex viruses and varicella-zoster virus? Why Is It Important To Buy Azithromycin? Top 10 List of Generic Antibiotics amoxicillin doxycycline cephalexin ciprofloxacin clindamycin metronidazole azithromycin sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim amoxicillin and clavulanate levofloxacin Top 10 List of Brand Name Antibiotics Augmentin Flagyl, Flagyl ER Amoxil Cipro Keflex Bactrim, Bactrim DS Levaquin Zithromax Avelox Cleocin HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice. The I.V. No antibiotic is indicated for a viral infection. Acqiured by person who has not been hospitalized or had a medical procedure (dialysis, surgery, catheter) wihtin past yr, Contracted in hospital or institutional setting, Health Care-Associated Infection: Prevention, Treatment of an infection before specific culture informaiton has been reported or obtained, Antibiotic therapy tailored to treat organism identified with cultures, Treatment with antibiotics to prevent infection, as in intra-abdominal surgery or after trauma, Decrease in specific signs and symptoms of infection are noted (fever, elevated WBC, etc. ***SUBSCRIBE WITHIN THE NEXT 28 DAYS FOR A CHANCE TO WIN $1,000! Which additional information should the nurse recognize as most significant? The nurse identifies this type of infection as what? You change his prescription to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin). E. Tetracycline. When the normal flora is decreased, these organisms can overgrow and cause a new infection, or superinfection. You are treating an 18-month-old child who is being treated with amoxicillin 80 mg/kg/day for treatment of left otitis media. Try out our membership for FREE . MOA: Inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit inhibitor. Comprehensive Nursing Pharmacology NCLEX Practice | Quiz #1: 50 Questions Rash is pruritic not urticaria and wheal shaped. Which outcome should be included? Table of contents. What statements are true regarding ototoxicity and aminoglycosides? 22. 3. A. Mechanism of action of antibiotics Antibiotics targeting cell wall Bacterial cells are surrounded by a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, which consists of long sugar polymers. Pharm Test 3 Studyguide; Respiratory and Psychiatric Drugs Pharm Test 2; NUR218 Exam 3 - Lecture notes and . The nurse monitors the patient for an adverse effect related to an interaction with which medication? Jamie is a heavy heroin user. Antibiotics. C. Long-term use of the eyedrop may cause glaucoma. Abstract. Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin and only available IV, so would not be prescribed in primary care. Back To Top. Feedback will be provided for each response. Taking pharmacology quizzes is the best way to test your knowledge of drugs and medicines. What is the appropriate antibiotic? Do not inject more than 10mL at once IM. Augmentin - how is it different from amoxicillin? (Mechanical valve, unable to repair) or with hex of unprovoked endocarditis. A 13-year-old child comes to clinic with a four-day history of cough, low-grade fever, and rhinorrhea. Learn more about antibiotics: FAQ. Which finding should a nurse associate most clearly with an adverse effect of gentamicin? Phlebitis of the vein used for the antibiotic has developed. Why are infants and young children at higher risk of developing antibiotic-resistant infections? Fluoroquinolones. When ceftriaxone is administered intravenously, it is most important for the nurse to avoid mixing it with what? A nurse should teach a patient who has Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) about the dosing and therapeutic effects of which medication? This is the gold standard of antibiotic use. epinephrine and diphenhydramine To monitor the patient for the most severe response to sulfonamide therapy, the nurse will assess for what? We have put together pharmacology MCQ online quizzes to test your understanding of the must-know facts to know for your next exam. Frequent loose, watery stools with mucus and blood, Which statements about CDAD associated with clindamycin therapy does the nurse identify as true? Antibiotics kill both viruses and bacteria that cause illness. B. C. diff diarrhea. Antibiotics 1. From asynchronous material. The role of the beta-lactamase inhibitor is to prevent the breakdown of the beta-lactam by organisms that produce the enzyme, thereby providing a wider spectrum of antibacterial activity. What would be appropriate initial treatment for his pneumonia? 9. Nicole has been prescribed doxycycline for treatment of Lyme Disease. Which assessment should the nurse monitor as an indicator of an undesired effect? -semisynthetic antibiotics -structurally and pharmacologically related to penicillins Uses of Cephalosporins - good gram (+) coverage, bad gram (-) coverage - prevent infections (ear infections, meningitis, pseudomonas, MRSA) Sets with similar terms Pharm test 3 - Antibiotics part 1 Mel_Mattson Drugs for Infectious Diseases Michalyn_Worthy Better protection against enterobacteria and Graham negative bacteria. False. According to Lexicomp this is first line. Which action should the nurse take? Kelsey, a 22 year old, came to your office with complaints of a gray, foul-smelling vaginal discharge which she notes is worse after intercourse. Cephalosporins have a structure similar to penicillin, have a broad spectrum of activity, and have less allergic reactions than PCN. A patient is admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA). by Schaef-n-bake11, Dec. 2010. "A harmless side effect will be a red-orange discoloration of body fluids.". A. urinary tract infections 1. most uropathogens are resistant to sulfonamides alone 2. sulfamethoxazole combined with trimethoprim is effective B. nocardiosis 1. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is drug of choice 2. sulfisoxazole and sulfadiazine are also effective C. toxoplasmosis - pyrimethamine plus sulfadiazine VI. Stool cultures and increasing fiber in the diet are not indicated. 655 West 12th Avenue Vancouver, BC V5Z4R4 Canada 1-604-707-2518. Antibiotic Cheat Sheet, Pharmacology Notes, Pharmacology for Nursing, Pharmacy School Notes, Pharmacology Study Guides, Cheat Sheet $12.00 Add to cart Highlights Digital download Digital file type (s): 1 PDF Description I am a pharmacy student and here are my detailed pharmacology study guides! True B. Discontinue the medication, because severe damage can result. The FNP should instruct the patient taking any tetracycline to avoid products containing calcium, magnesium, or aluminum because the tetracycline will bind to the metallic ion which will reduce the therapeutic effectiveness of the antibiotic. After completing a course of ciprofloxacin [Cipro] for a skin infection, the patient says, "I took the whole bottle of pills, but my infection hasn't gotten any better." What is a true statement about cephalosporin drugs? Pharmacology Test 2 Notes - Bacteria, Anti-infectives, Antibiotics pharm test other beyond pcn and cephalosporins powerpoint macrolides ees (erythromycin) can . Diabetes Pharmacology Nclex Questions Quizlet. Active against gram-positive cocci bacteria such as group a streptococcus and streptococcus aureus. Considered as "broad spectrum" antibiotics. You prescribe amoxicillin. Candida infections of mouth or vagina Treat Anaphylaxis with what medications? Usually lowering rate will suffice. Cefaclor is second generation, Cephalexin is first generation, Cefdinir is third generation, and Cefadroxil is first generation. Show all questions 1 / 18 While beta-lactam antibiotics remain one of the most commonly prescribed types of antibiotics, they have side effects that can range from mild to life-threatening in nature. These are important drug classes. A patient develops flushing, rash, and pruritus during an IV infusion of vancomycin [Vancocin]. Pharmacology Antibiotics. An immunocompromised patient who is receiving piperacillin/tazobactam [Zosyn] develops oozing and bleeding from the gums. At how many drops per minute will the Lactated Ringers infuse? The nurse anticipates the healthcare provider to take which action? Use Antimicrobials Wisely 4. Pharm Lecture 4- Antibiotics Sample Question Which of the following statements is innacurate Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) refers to common cold, rhinosinusitis, pharyngitis, acute bronchitis, and acute otitis media. A. Pharmacology Chapter 9, Antibiotics 1. False. What are 2 contraindications for insulin. A. Pegvisomant B. Insulin C. Selecting an antibiotic that will optimally treat an infection while minimizing adverse effects and the development of resistance is only the first step, as one must also consider the patient's individual pharmacokinetic alterations and the pharmacodynamic . A nurse should recognize that which laboratory result is used as a major factor in deciding when antiretroviral therapy is indicated for a patient infected with HIV? B. A patient who is receiving ceftriaxone has all of these medications ordered. Development of medication resistance in the host B. The FNP advises the patient and parent that this is a viral Upper Respiratory Infection. nursing management sulfonamides carefully assess allergies to sulfa type drugs perform thorough skin assessment before, during, and after therapy take with 2000-3000 ml of fluid/24 hour assess red blood cell count, renal function before beginning therapy take oral doses with food report cramps, fever, sob, blood in urine, 2) IV antibiotic therapy may be used to prevent infections in a high-risk surgery. of 5% dextose in Lactated Ringers solution at 125mL/hr. Do not give (at all) to horses. Which are examples of the improper use of antibiotic therapy? You explain to him that the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid when compared to amoxicillin alone. The nurse is assessing a patient who is receiving a sulfonamide for treatment of a urinary tract infection. A patient is receiving penicillin G [Bicillin C-R]. Which instruction should a nurse include in the discharge teaching for a patient who is to start taking tetracycline? Cefaclor (Ceclor) b. Cephalexin (Keflex) c. Cefdinir (Omnicef) d. Cefadroxil (Duricef) Third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins penetrate the CSF. A patient is receiving vancomycin [Vancocin]. There are also different prescribed drugs, and this quiz will test how well you know them and their effect. The combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid when compared to amoxicillin alone: p. 117 beta lactamase inhibitors prevents the breakdown of the beta lactam organisms that produce the enzyme, thereby enhancing antibacterial activity. What does the FNP tell the parents? Which action should a nurse take? The ED physician indicates that he experienced a severe allergic reaction to the amoxicillin. He wants to know why this medication will work when the amoxicillin alone did not. Polly is a 12-month-old child who is being treated with amoxicillin for acute otitis media. Amy is 10 years old and comes to your office with complaints of sore throat and swollen glands. Probiotics can help to restore the normal GI flora and decrease the incidence of diarrhea. Cephalosporins Bactrim is pregnancy category D. It affects folic acid synthesis, which increases the risk of hemolytic anemia. Cefaclor is second generation, Cephalexin is first generation, Cefdinir is third generation, and Cefadroxil is first generation. Which of the following agents should not be given to children under the age of eight due to its deposition and bone and teeth? Clavulanic, Tazobactam, Sulbactam Name the 3 chemicals used with penicillins as a beta-lactamase inhibitor? A. Piperacillin. Both come back positive. Questions and Answers 1. Urinary tract infections in young women is an uncomplicated infection URI should not be treated with antibiotics and the indication for skin and soft tissue infections for quinolones is not established. FILL IN THE BLANKSPIRILLA ARE WHAT SHAPE 4. Other Results for Prophecy Dysrhythmia Test Answers: RN Dysrhythmia and EKG Testing - Prophecy .Dysrhythmia (Advanced + Measurements) Also recommended for critical care areas - assesses the caregiver's complete knowledge in ability to perform accurate measurements on an ECG tracing , including heart rate interpretation, PR intervals, QRS. Which drug is only 60% metabolized by the liver, and is partially excreted unchanged by the kidneys making it a good penicillin alternative in the presence of renal failure? A nurse assessing a patient who is 12 years old should associate which complication with the patient's receiving tetracycline as a younger child? Below, we've put together a quick review guide of antibiotics pharmacology as it relates to cell wall synthesis inhibitors. Congenital heart defect with RESIDUAL DISEASE. What reaction is Jamie experiencing? Antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis, Destroy bacteria by weakening bacterial cell wall, prevention and treatment of gram (+) bacterial infections: enterococcus, streptococcus, and staphylococcus bacteria, If in same solution of aminoglycoside> inactivates aminoglycoside, Cephalosporins second generation examples, Cephalosporins fourth generation examples, bactericidal w/high therapeutic index that treat urinary tract infections, post op infections, pelvic infections and meningitis, do not give to clients w/history of severe allergic reactions to penicillins, disulfiram reaction (intolerance to alcohol) occurs w/simultaneous use of alcohol and drug, complete entire course of therapy even if symptoms resolve. Page 60 in text. N/V/D renal excreted, Glycopeptide abx - Bacteriocidal and inhibit cell wall synthesis, -Oral route often used in primary care to treat clostridium Difficile (colitis), Vancomycin - adverse effects and cautions. Before administering a cephalosporin to a patient, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for an allergy history to what? This NCLEX Pharmacology Review of Antibiotics will help to develop a firm grasp of the drug classes as well as commonly used medications as they play a key role in daily practice. Both IV ampicillin/sulbactam [Unasyn] and gentamicin are ordered for a patient. a) Erythromycin, Chloramphenicol b) Vancomycin, Cephamycin c) Gentamicin, Tetracycline d) Options a and c e) Options b and c 12) Ototoxicity, vestibulo-toxic impairment, and nephrotoxicity are seen as major adverse effects of a) Aminoglycosides b) Macrolides 's signs and symptoms? You prescribe penicillin. Parents should be educated on how to administer the medication with a syringe. Patients with frequent urinary tract reinfections should be put on what type of therapy? If allergic to penicillin what would you prescribe? Only given when EXPOSED to pyloric stenosis. (Select all that apply. Doxycycline should not be taken at the same time as dairy product due to alterations in absorption. cassie_floyd. This is especially important when recent dose of amoxicillin was administered. Jim, a 57 year old with COPD, came to see you because the amoxicillin you prescribed for his respiratory infection has not improved his symptoms. A microbe acquires antibiotic resistance by which means? Renal function, however, was normal. Less effective against gram-positive infections as compared to first generation cephalosporins. Which antifungal agent is used as a one-time oral dose to treat vaginal yeast infections? What is the appropriate concentration, dose, and frequency for this patient? Before administering intravenous (IV) penicillin, the nurse should do what? Which condition results from over secretion of growth hormone? They should call if diarrhea occurs but should not stop the medication. Which approach should a nurse take to administer intravenous (IV) acyclovir [Zovirax] to an immunocompromised patient? Which of the following is appropriate education when discussing administration of oral antibiotics to an infant? This module deals with (1) the birth and development of our antibiotic arsenal, (2) some basic concepts on how antibiotic/antimicrobial drugs work, how they are processed in animal patients, and how they are used in veterinary practice, and (3) how these important drugs should be best prescribed so as to reduce the incidence of drug resistance. Using Antibiotics; Antibiotics Quiz; Antibiotics FAQ; Antibiotic Resistance. How are glucocorticoids useful in asthma? This is the MOST COMMON prescribing therapy. Anaphylaxis is a severe reaction and all PCN products should be avoided in the future. What patient education is important to tell the patient about taking penicillin with a diagnosis of mononucleosis? FILL IN THE BLANKSBACILLI ARE WHAT SHAPE 2. Name the therapy. A microbe acquires antibiotic resistance by which means? Popular Pharmacology sets. ), Women who will be pregnant during flu season. The antibiotics that the student nurse has to administer to the patient include ertapenem, cefaclor, and ciprofloxacin. It is most important for the nurse to assess a patient receiving a cephalosporin for the development of which manifestation of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis (AAPMC)? Which drug may be prescribed to treat hypothyroidism? A 7-year-old boy experiences difficulty breathing 30 minutes following administration of his second dose of amoxicillin for otitis media. Which of the following organisms will be most concerned as the causative pathogen of the diarrhea? Pharmacology Final Study Guide Chapter 01: Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses Workman & LaCharity: . ***Did you know only 20% of our video content is on YouTube? See page 118, Table 8.5. Toxicity/Contraindications What Are Antibiotics? The nurse identifies what as the most common toxic effect of vancomycin therapy? top 200 drugs. Prevent Infection 2. -Do not drink a glass of milk 1 hour before or 2 hours after, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins. Quiz 1 Quiz 2 Quiz 3 Quiz 4 Quiz 5 30 Questions! Disulfiram reaction (DO NOT DRINK ALCOHOL), Bacteriostatic prevents additional growth of bacteria whereas bacteriocidal kills bacteria. 127 terms. Diarrhea is a common side effect. Bacteriocidal. 1. The risk of ototoxicity with aminoglycoside use is related primarily to excessive trough levels. A: Diarrhea, skin reactions in pigs. "It is more effective by IV, because the pill form will stay in the digestive tract.". Used to treat infections caused by both gram-positive cocci (streptococcus pneumoniae) and gram-negative bacteria ( H. influenzae). The correct answer is: Cefdinir (Omnicef) The nurse identifies this type of infection as what? A.P., a 52-year-old male, was started on erythromycin base 250 mg every 6 hours for a "chest infection." A patient who has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is receiving trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole [Bactrim]. True B. Aminoglycosides are a group of antibiotics indicated for infections caused by gram-negative aerobic bacilli. Gram-positive bacteria easier to treat due to robust cell wall, so more susceptible to anabiotic therapy, Natural penicillin is gram-positive only while aminopenicillins such as amoxicillin provide some Gram negative support, What bacteria causes a rapid strep test to be positive, 1 - natural penicillin (only treats gram +), -Increases likelihood of fungal infections, Bacteriocidal, inhibits synthesis of cell wall, Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. A nurse should teach a patient to observe for which side effects when taking ampicillin? Oral can be fatal in horses. The FNP educates the patient that it is important to avoid using which of the following over the counter medications during therapy? A. Azmacort treats wheezing and Proventil prevents future asthma attacks B. Proventil works quickly to relax your airways and Azmacort helps reduce the inflammation C. The doctor ordered both to be taken once every night D. Azmacort usually causes bronchospasm, so we are giving you Proventil to treat this side effect 8. What is the appropriate antibiotic to prescribe according to the current American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association Guidelines? They are complaining of diarrhea that began after they drank a soda with ice cubes a restaurant the night before they boarded their flight home. Macrobid is category B. Keflex is category B. Augmentin is category B. The side effects of the usage of this drug are very rare. What considerations are needed when selecting an antibiotic? In exam world - what does metronidazole (Flagyl) treat? -Red man syndrome that is caused by IV administration that is too fast. A nurse observes a red streak and palpates the vein as hard and cordlike at the intravenous (IV) site of a patient receiving cefepime [Maxipime]. The nurse should monitor for which symptoms, which could indicate a vitamin B6 deficiency caused by the medication? These drugs, when mixed with alcohol produce effects similar to that of Antabuse: What are some side effects associated with Cephalosporins? TRUE OR FALSEANTIBIOTICS DOES NOT CREATE MUTATION A. broad antimicrobial spectrum effective for: reduce blood levels of valproic acid- breakthrough seizures are possible, hypotension and flushing of face and trunk (red-person syndrome) w/rapid IV infusion, metformin may increase risk for lactic acidosis, thrombophlebitis or inflammation at IV site, Antibiotics that affect protein synthesis, reduced absorption of drug if taken w/milk products, calcium and iron supplements, laxative with magnesium, and antacids, inhibits protein synthesis (bacteriostatic) but bactericidal at high doses, treats infections in clients w/penicillin allergy, inhibits metabolism of antihistamines, theophylline, carbamazepine, warfarin, and digoxin, which can lead to toxicity, except for azithromycin, give oral preparations on empty stomach, bactericidal that destroy micro-organisms by disrupting protein synthesis, treats aerobic gram negative bacilli (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and P. aeruginosa), Use cautiously in patients with kidney impairment, hearing loss, myasthenia gravis, penicillin inactivates drug when in same IV solution, Available in topical, ophthalmic, IM, IV, intrathecal forms, Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim pharmacological action, inhibit bacterial growth by preventing synthesis of a folic acid derivative, tetrahydrofolate, Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim therapeutic uses, Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim complications, hypersenitivity (stevens-johnson syndrome), Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim contraindications, Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim interactions, increased effects of warfarin, phenytoin, sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemics, Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim administration, bactericidal due to inhibition of an enzyme needed for DNA replication, broad-spectrum that treat wide variety of micro-organisms like some gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria (Klebsiella and E. coli), children under 18 years old unless treating for UTI of E. coli or inhalation of anthrax, Cationic compounds (aluminum-magnesium antacids, iron salts, sucralfate, dairy products) decrease the absorption of drug, Available in oral, ophthalmic drops and ointment, and IV forms, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Dutton's Orthopaedic: Examination, Evaluation and Intervention. D. Hepatotoxicity. Most cases (more than 80%) of uncomplicated, community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) are caused by which bacteria? Prescribing the antibiotic based on knowledge of the most likely organism. The CDC's campaign to prevent the development of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals focuses on what four approaches? Educated guess. He takes sim- vastatin 40 mg daily for hyperlipidemia. Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors A patient who is receiving vancomycin [Vancocin] IV for a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection asks a nurse, "Why can't I take this medicine in a pill?" Many antibiotics only work against certain types of bacteria. Sulfonamides, Tetracyclines, Fluoroquinolones Name 3 antibiotic classes that have an the adverse effect, photosensitivity? Pharmacology Final exam quizlet - NSG 6005. Ensure that separate IV solutions are used. Pharmacology - FNP Exam. Work through our NCLEX pharmacology questions in order to review these important concepts. Which additional data should the nurse determine? What patient education should the FNP provide to Patricia? Sig . A. When taking the patient's history, a nurse recognizes which information as the most important? Antibiotics Quiz #1 Antibiotics Quiz #1 Quiz Instructions: Select the single best answer. gram (+), gram (-), sinus infection, UTI, MRSA, PJP pneumonia, outpatient staph, - Bacteriostatic (inhibit growth of susceptible bacteria, rather than killing them immediately, will eventually lead to bacterial death), photosensitivity, Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome, anemia, crystalluria, Blood Dyscrasia, Natural penicillins, Penicillinase-resistant penicillins, Aminopenicillins, and Extended-specturm penicillins, bactericidal (kill bacteria), enter via cell wall, binds to penicillin-binding protein, cell wall is disrupted, kill normal flora, bacterial cell lysis (dies), Anaphylaxis, abdominal pain, itching, rash, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, - take oral doses with water (NOT juices) as acidic fluids may nullify drug actions, - good gram (+) coverage, bad gram (-) coverage, bactericidal, broad coverage, parenteral forms, PO, itchy edematis rash, pruritus, redness, edema, cross-sensitivity possible with penicillins, -Assess for penicillin allergy, may have cross allergy, Cefaclor (ceclor): PO, Cefuroxime (Zinacef) --> parenteral form is Ceftin: PO, Ex. Rhabdomyolysis due to the erythromycin/simvas- tatin interaction. Labs drawn showed a creatine kinase (CK) of 22,188, an elevated myoglobin, aspartate transferase (AST) 750, and alanine transferase (ALT) 449. Sulfonamide antibiotics will have a cross sensitivity to any medication that has a sulfa component. If a child who attends day care is exposed to pathogens and becomes ill, an antibiotic may be required. Which cephalosporin is considered the drug of choice for suspected bacterial meningitis because of its excellent CSF penetration? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis, Penicillin narrow spectrum examples, Penicillin broad spectrum examples and more. Which medication(s) would he likely have a cross sensitivity to? Before administering trimethoprim, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of what? Superinfections (AAPC), Nephrotoxicity, Thromboplebitis . 311 terms . High risk for cross sensitivity if allergic to penicillin. Which of the following statements is innacurate A.