Our experienced journalists want to glorify God in what we do. A rail line from Khaf in Iran to the city of Herat in Afghanistan has been under construction since 2006. The president's death on 17 April led to the postponement of that meeting, and the plans were never presented. [429], Between 1992 and 1995, PKK carried out 768 extrajudicial executions, mostly of civil servants and teachers, political opponents, off-duty police officers and soldiers, and those deemed by the PKK to be "state supporters. [23] The U.S. Justice Department had urged the court to keep him in jail because he was "an admitted mastermind of terrorist plots and attacks", a flight risk and a danger to the community. However, media ownership is concentrated in the hands of a few large private media groups which are typically part of wider conglomerates controlled by wealthy individuals, which limits the views that are presented. University of Virginia 2008. [46][47], In Turkey, the minimum age required to get sex reassignment surgery is 18. [5], A declassified CIA document dated 12 October 1976, a few days after the bombing, quotes Posada as saying, a few days after a plate fund-raising meeting for CORU held around 15 September, "We are going to hit a Cuban airliner Orlando has the details" (Source Comment: The identities of "We" and "Orlando" were not known at the time.)[28]. Cemil Bayk Prop 30 is supported by a coalition including CalFire Firefighters, the American Lung Association, environmental organizations, electrical workers and businesses that want to improve Californias air quality by fighting and preventing wildfires and reducing air pollution from vehicles. [371] According to Nil Satana, the author of the Kurdish Issue in June 2011 Elections, PKK attacks on civilians persisted until the organization realized that these were damaging their international prestige. The event first took place in 2003 and now occurs each year on either the last Sunday of June or the first Sunday of July, to mark the end of Istanbul pride week. LGBT activist Kataluna Enriquez: 1995 American she/her first trans woman to win Miss Nevada USA, to become first trans Miss USA contestant Rzgar Erkolar: 1986 Turkish he/him actor and model Eli Erlick: 1995 American she/her trans activist Blent Ersoy: 1952 Turkish she/her singer and actress Erika Ervin (a.k.a. We are requesting immediate landing! Kurmanji is written in the Hawar alphabet, a derivation of the Latin script, and Sorani is written in the Sorani alphabet, a derivation of Arabic script. CIA had concrete advance intelligence, as early as June 1976, on possible plans by Cuban exile terrorist groups to bomb a Cubana airliner, and the FBI's attach in Caracas had multiple contacts with one of the Venezuelans who placed the bomb on the plane, and provided him with a visa to the U.S. five days before the bombing, despite suspicions that he was engaged in terrorist activities at the direction of Luis Posada Carriles. [44], The notable professor Zare Yusupova has carried out a lot of work and research into the Gorani dialect (as well as many other minority/ancient Kurdish dialects). In December 2015, the Turkish Football Federation was ordered to pay 23,000 lira in compensation for dismissing Dinda. United States. [119][120][121] Teachers who provided and students who demanded education in Kurdish language were prosecuted and sentenced for supporting terrorism of the PKK. According to Stanton, the PKK's improved relationship with its civilian base likely created incentives for the government to engage in state terrorism against some of its Kurdish citizens. Most of the regional roads are also being repaired or improved. [39], Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals are among the most vulnerable asylum seekers and refugees in Turkey today. The Government of Turkey (Turkish: Trkiye Cumhuriyeti Hkmeti) is the national government of Turkey.It is governed as a unitary state under a presidential representative democracy and a constitutional republic within a pluriform multi-party system.The term government can mean either the collective set of institutions (the executive, legislative, and judicial branches) or Previously, Kurdish education had only been possible in private institutions. [180], In April 2005, KONGRA-GEL changed its name back to PKK. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it was held online with no official interference. On 1 November 1928, Law no 1353 introducing a new Latin-based alphabet was accepted. [52], Before August 2002, the Turkish government placed severe restrictions on the use of Kurdish, prohibiting the language in education and broadcast media. After more than twenty years, Questia is discontinuing operations as of Monday, December 21, 2020. [160] Some journalists and politicians maintain that zal's death (allegedly by poison), along with the assassination of a number of political and military figures supporting his peace efforts, was part of a covert military coup in 1993 aimed at stopping the peace plans. The Soviets built a highway and tunnel through the Salang pass in the 1960s, connecting northern and eastern Afghanistan. In 2008, a gay Kurdish-Turk student, Ahmet Yldz, was shot outside a caf by his father and later died in the hospital. Murathan Mungan has been openly gay throughout his professional life as a successful poet and writer. [25][30], Philip G. Kreyenbroek, an expert writing in 1992, says:[25]. In 2011, yk Evren zen, a transgender woman from the northwestern province of Bursa, has become a candidate for deputy from the main opposition party, Republican People's Party, or CHP. Witness testimony also demonstrates that many of the Turkish government's denials of wrong-doing by the Turkish security forces are fabrications manufactured by soldiers or officials somewhere along the government's chain of command. The court ruled in favour of one of the plaintiffs, identified as R.S., concluding that his contract was unjustly terminated. A force of 35,000 troops invaded Iraqi Kurdistan, assisted by tanks and F-16 jets. The mass media in Turkey includes a wide variety of domestic and foreign periodicals expressing disparate views, and domestic newspapers are extremely competitive. [365], The Kurdistan Workers' Party has faced international condemnation for using terrorist tactics, which include kidnapping, civilian massacres, summary executions, suicide bombers, and child soldiers, and for its involvement in drug trafficking. Seven of the victims were members of the local village guard forces". Currently only three foreign airlines are operating in Afghanistan. The operation is currently ongoing. [40] Their access to rights and services is limited in Turkey as a result of anti-LGBT sentiments of state actors and the general public. [86], In April 2019, Ankara court lifted a ban on LGBT events in Turkey's capital. Spirit Airlines (NK) which is a North American ultra-low cost airline has its headquarters based in Miramar, Florida. Recep Tayyip Erdoan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician serving as the 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014. [53][54] In March 2006, Turkey allowed private television channels to begin airing programming in Kurdish. This Friday, were taking a look at Microsoft and Sonys increasingly bitter feud over Call of Duty and whether U.K. regulators are leaning toward torpedoing the Activision Blizzard deal. [citation needed] This forced families whose children were already a member of the organization to cooperate and thus turning them into accomplices, which increased the number of women joining the group, according to the publication, published by the Jamestown Foundation. [82] The prosecution argued that its name and activities were "against the law and morality." Ultimately Afghanistan-Iran rail connections. No security force member was ever charged with any of the deaths. [102] In an attempt to deny their existence, the Turkish government categorized Kurds as "Mountain Turks" during the 1930s and 1940s. [59][60] In 2012, Kurdish-language lessons became an elective subject in public schools. Toyota Corolla has been the most widely used vehicle in the country since the mid-1990s. This was aimed at giving the new Turkish government time to articulate a way of resolving the conflict. Some openly gay people were able to be successful in the 1980s. Hseyin Yldrm, a lawyer and the PKK's former spokesman in Brussels, who broke with calan and left the organization in 1987 stated:[423]. Read breaking headlines covering politics, economics, pop culture, and more. [29], In November 2016, Turkey, along with Georgia, Israel, Japan, Mongolia, Nepal, the Philippines, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Thailand, East Timor and Vietnam, were the only Asian countries in the United Nations to vote in favor of the appointment of an independent expert to raise awareness of the discrimination faced by the LGBT community and to find ways to properly protect them. Hamit Bozarslan on the Kurdish Movement and the Turkish Left. [99] The initial reason given by the PKK for this was the oppression of Kurds in Turkey. [277], In January 2018, the Turkish military and its Free Syrian Army and Sham Legion allies began a cross-border operation in the Kurdish-majority Afrin Canton in Northern Syria, against the Kurdish-led Democratic Union Party in Syria (PYD) and the U.S.-supported YPG Kurdish militia. [17][18], The Kurdish languages belong to the Iranian branch of the Indo-European family. [136], The founding Congress of the PKK was held on 27 November 1978 in Fis, a village near the city of Lice. While some were destroyed or evacuated, other villages agreed to join the side of the government. Prop 30 is supported by a coalition including CalFire Firefighters, the American Lung Association, environmental organizations, electrical workers and businesses that want to improve Californias air quality by fighting and preventing wildfires and reducing air pollution from vehicles. 14,000 people were stripped of their Turkish citizenship and 30,000 fled the country as asylum seekers after the coup. According to Amnesty International, the curfews had been imposed in more than 19 different towns and districts, putting the lives of hundreds of thousands of people at risk. Qantas Airways Limited (/ k w n t s / KWON-ts) is the flag carrier of Australia and the country's largest airline by fleet size, international flights, and international destinations. [78][79][80] According to the research of KAOS GL, 27% of LGBT people who did not hide their sexual identity were discriminated against in the recruitment process in 2017, 8% in 2018, 11% in 2019. [165] Three Kurdish protestors were shot dead when trying to enter the Israeli consulate in Berlin to protest alleged Israeli involvement in his capture. The AfghanistanUzbekistan Friendship Bridge connects Afghanistan by road with Uzbekistan. HBDH reported that they had killed 11 Turkish riot police in Trabzon Province at 08:30 that morning. [203] According to the Turkish military around 230 PKK fighters were killed in the ground offensive, while 27 Turkish forces were killed. PKK infaz etti", "USA: PKK Taking Children as Weapons in Turkey Anadolu Trk Haber", "Iraq: Armed Groups Using Child Soldiers", "Refworld Child Soldiers Global Report 2001 Turkey", "Turkey: monitoring the HPG/PKK's prohibition on using children in hostilities", "THE GLOBAL AFGHAN OPIUM TRADE: A Threat Assessment", "EU Terrorism Situation and Trend Report", "Treasury Sanctions Supporters of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) Tied to Drug Trafficking in Europe", Democratic Society Coordination of Kurdistan, Freedom and Democracy Congress of Kurdistan, August 1986 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq, March 1987 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq, December 2007 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq, 2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq, August 2011 TurkeyIraq cross-border raids, March 2016 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq, 2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria, 20092010 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire, Monument of the Martyrs of Internal Security, Population distribution and settlement in Turkey, List of modern conflicts in the Middle East, Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine, Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017present), 20142015 IndiaPakistan border skirmishes, 20162018 IndiaPakistan border skirmishes, Jammu and Kashmir insurgency (1989present), Insurgency in Northeast India (1964present), NaxaliteMaoist insurgency (1967present), IndiaPakistan border skirmishes (20142015), IndiaPakistan border skirmishes (20162018), Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (2004present), CambodianThai border dispute (20082011), East Indonesia Mujahideen insurgency (2015present), FULRO insurgency against Vietnam (19641992), Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922present), IranSaudi Arabia proxy conflict (1979present), Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency (2004present), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KurdishTurkish_conflict_(1978present)&oldid=1115267668, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2019, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2022, Articles lacking reliable references from August 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from April 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Aside from the fifty people that were hanged, some 366 people died under suspicious circumstances (classified as accidents at the time), 171 were tortured to death in prison, 43 were claimed to have committed suicide in prison and 16 were shot for attempting to escape. Only between August 2016 and October 2016, 6 AK Party politicians were murdered by the organization such as Deryan Aktert. He had been confined there following two previous failed escape attempts. The governorate of Istanbul once again claimed that a gathering of LGBT would not be allowed. [citation needed] The PKK saw schools as "emblems of Turkish imperialism" that belonged to the "colonial assimilation system" and a justification for the killing of teachers was that they taught Turkish to Kurdish children. The Delaram-Zaranj Highway was constructed with Indian assistance and was inaugurated in January 2009.[16]. [83], In 2006, Lambda Istanbul was evicted from its premises as the landlady was not happy with the fact that the organisation was promoting LGBT rights. [98] On 24 September, Turkish General Necdet zel claimed that 110 Turkish soldiers and 475 PKK militants had been killed since the start of 2012. They include Abu Nasar Port in Farah Province,[10] Angur Ada in Paktika Province, Aqina in Faryab Province, Ghulam Khan in Khost Province, Hairatan in Balkh Province, Islam Qala in Herat Province, Sher Khan Bandar in Kunduz Province, Torghundi in Herat Province, Torkham in Nangarhar Province, Spin Boldak in Kandahar Province, and Zaranj in Nimruz Province. Indian carriers Air India and SpiceJet are expected to resume operations to Kabul in the near future.[39]. [19][20], In 2009, amateur football referee Halil brahim Dinda came out as gay and was subsequently banned from refereeing football matches. [408], On 26 October 2020, a suicide bombing in skenderun injured 2 civilians. The airline operates close to 500 scheduled flights to 67 destinations everyday across the United States, Caribbean, Mexico, and Latin America. The soldiers set up fire to nine houses and forced all villagers to flee. The Yezidi oral tradition in Iraqi Kurdistan. Freddy Lugo and Hernn Ricardo Lozano were each sentenced to 20-year prison terms. Afghanistan has a total of four railway connections with neighboring countries. According to Human Rights Watch, the authorities even executed the Kurdish civilians and took the pictures of their corpses with the weapons, they carried for staging the events, in order to show them as Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) "terrorists" to press. [56] The Turkish Prime Minister sent a video message in Kurdish to the opening ceremony, which was attended by Minister of Culture and other state officials. These tactics managed to drive the rebels from the cities and villages into the mountains, although they still often launched reprisals on pro-government villages, which included attacks on civilians. The Republican Turkish authorities Hours after the explosions, Trinidad authorities arrested Freddy Lugo and Hernan Ricardo Lozano,[13] two Venezuelan men who had boarded the plane in Trinidad and checked their baggage to Cuba, but who had exited the plane in Barbados and flown separately to Trinidad. Dundar came from a Kurdish nationalist family which claimed his body and held a funeral for him in Nusaybin in which he was brought to the city's main mosque and 5000 people which held a march. The crash killed every member of the Cuban national fencing team.. Several CIA-linked anti-Castro Cuban [citation needed][125][126], In February 1999, PKK leader Abdullah calan was arrested in Nairobi, Kenya by a Turkish commando[127] and taken to Turkey, where he remains in prison on an island in the Sea of Marmara. Random House, 1997. [99] On Sunday 29 June 2015, Reuters reported that Turkish police used a water cannon to disperse the gay pride parade [100], In 2016, the pride march was banned by the local government "for the safety of our citizens, first and foremost the participants, and for public order.". For this reason, tourists, business people and the upper class prefer using airline service for long distant travels. In Iraq and Iran it is written using an Arabic script, composed by Sa'id Kaban Sedqi. Political complications quickly arose when Cuba accused the US government of being an accomplice to the attack. Your sayings can not be allowed. [159] On the 8 June 1993, calan announced the end of the PKK ceasefire.[130]. The parade had taken place the previous year during Ramadan without issue. [309] According to the Los Angeles Times some 5,000 Turks and 35,000 Kurds, have been killed, 17,000 Kurds have disappeared and 119,000 Kurds have been imprisoned as a result of the conflict. Health Clubs in New York City Hammams & Turkish Baths in New York City Thermal Spas in New York City Yoga & Pilates in New York City. [47] From the 15th to 17th centuries, classical Kurdish poets and writers developed a literary language. Hlya Erolu [39] According to David L. Philips, up to sixty PKK members were executed in 1986, including Mahsum Korkmaz, who he believes was murdered on 28 March 1986. [24], On 28 September 2005, a U.S. immigration judge ruled that Posada could not be deported because he faced the threat of torture in Venezuela. That means the impact could spread far beyond the agencys payday lending rule. [426][427], On 21 August 1987, in Yolat village of Lice, teacher Asim zmen[426] and imam Mehmet Bayram were taken from their houses and executed. Abd al-Jabbar, Falih. Military confrontation resumed. Former CIA operative and anti-Castro militant and terrorist Luis Posada Carriles denies involvement but provides many details of the incident in his book Caminos del Guerrero (Ways of the Warrior). Get the latest breaking news across the U.S. on ABCNews.com After more than twenty years, Questia is discontinuing operations as of Monday, December 21, 2020. Hence the science of today doesn't accept the findings of those times. Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. Hello, and welcome to Protocol Entertainment, your guide to the business of the gaming and media industries. All 48 passengers and 25 crew aboard the plane died: the victims comprised 57 Cubans, eleven Guyanese, and five North Koreans. He had spent 11 years in jail despite having been acquitted twice. Kurdish fighters were beheaded by Turkish special forces soldiers. [32], ZazaGorani languages, which are spoken by communities in the wider area who identify as ethnic Kurds, are not linguistically classified as Kurdish. The ceasefire agreement broke down in July 2015, dividing 2015 in two sharply different periods. [169] Because not all of the KONGRA-GEL's elements accepted this, the organisation has also been referred to as the New PKK. Draftees may decide to disclose their sexuality verbally and receive an 'unfit report' during their medical examination which exempts them from service, or must not disclose their orientation in any form for a year if a military doctor agrees to grant them a 'fit report' and serve their conscription. [271] According to the Human Rights Watch (HRW) report, "Local human rights groups have recorded well over 100 civilian deaths and multiple injuries. To counter the PKK, the Turkish military started new counter-insurgency strategies between 1992 and 1995. [305], Both the PKK and Turkish military have accused each other of civilian deaths. Since the 1970s, the European Court of Human Rights has condemned Turkey for the thousands of human rights abuses against Kurdish people. [119] Turkey has been also condemned for killing Kurdish civilians and blaming the PKK in the ECHR (Kuskonar massacre).[112]. [421] On 6 November 2018, the State Department listed the PKK's three top executives, Murat Karaylan, Cemil Bayik and Duran Kalkan, in its Rewards for Justice Program which is developed by the U.S. Department of State for counter-terrorism. [27] The draft was later cancelled. Bar Sulu, the left-wing People's Democratic Party (HDP) candidate, becomes the first openly gay man to run for the Turkish parliament.[44][45]. The move have been commented as a political card to distract from ongoing economic crisis in Turkey and better engage in upcoming elections, taking an aggressive posture against foreign powers and Kurds being favorable to AKP. Thousands of local Peshmerga, with the support of more than 20,000 Turkish troops who had crossed the Iraqi border, attacked 10,000 PKK guerrillas. [371], On 11 June 1992, the guerrillas executed more than 13 people from a bus they stopped in Tatvan. [248] On 20 August, eight people were killed and 66 wounded by a deadly bombing in Gaziantep. Following the Fall of Kabul and the reconstitution of Afghanistan into the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, most international flights were suspended. [50][51][299][300] Among the civilian casualties, till 2012, 157 were teachers. [327], In November 1992, the Turkish gendarmerie officers forced the leader of the Keleki village to evacuate all of the inhabitants, before shooting at them and their houses with heavy weapons. Police routinely asserted that such deaths occurred in shoot-outs between police and "terrorists". Now, some will say this disqualifies me from talking about this, since I could never understand what it's like to be discriminate about genitals", "Philippa York: 'I've known I was different since I was a five-year-old', Discrimination against non-binary gender people, Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, Sexuality and gender identity-based cultures, History of Christianity and homosexuality, Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine, SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBT U.S. hate groups, Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany, Significant acts of violence against LGBT people, List of people executed for homosexuality in Europe, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_transgender_people&oldid=1118924455, CS1 European Spanish-language sources (es-es), Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Articles with dead external links from July 2021, Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja), Articles with German-language sources (de), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Teenage suicide victim due to rejection by parents, cardiologist, president-elect of Gay and Lesbian Medical Association, television personality noted for having undergone dozens of plastic surgeries, one of the earliest trans women documented, international and national beauty pageant title winner, drag performer, actor and entrepreneur, adult performer and producer, activist, educator, and motivational speaker, marriage equality activist and public speaker, Mexican immigrant to the US who died in an immigration detention facility, US Navy pilot in World War II, record holder for world's oldest flight instructor, Dalit and trans activist, first transgender engineer in Tamil Nadu, military surgeon and Inspector General in charge of military hospitals, first openly transgender female lawyer and Substitute Senator (20142017) in Uruguay, musician and the lead singer of the Belgian band K's Choice, author, performance artist, and gender theorist, author and activist, previously an award-winning professor of English at, film, TV, and theatre actress, model, author, and professor; one of the earliest transitioners in the United States, 18-year-old American activist, student, and suicide victim, Pole vaulter and two-time European Championship bronze medalist, Intersex and trans advocate, academic, and co-director of, Writer, performance artist, and assistant professor of song lyrics and libretto writing, artist/theorist and lecturer of Visual Arts and Critical Gender Studies at, reality television personality, drag performer, actress and model, musician, public speaker, writer, filmmaker, and actor, served in both the US Navy and Army, trans and AIDS activist, and nun, lawyer, writer and editor of the feminist, computer scientist and electrical engineer, novelist, nonfiction writer, television writer, and journalist, World War II fighter pilot, and the first British trans woman to undergo gender reassignment, activist and retired domestic violence counsellor, hairdresser, politician, LGBT and animal welfare activist, gynecologist and politician, current deputy prime minister of Belgium, multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter, and performance artist, unidentified murder victim discovered in Clermont, Florida, modern choreographer, dancer, writer and trans rights activist, Roman emperor characterized as transgender, singer, songwriter and performance artist, physician and surgeon who practiced medicine in the, artist, musician, poet, and music producer, artist, filmmaker, author and trans campaigner, journalist, filmmaker, author, and trans activist, first openly transgender judge appointed in Texas, civil rights activist, writer and educator, lead singer and guitarist for punk rock band, highest-ranked transgender person in the British Army and transgender rights activist, activist and first person to have their gender reassignment followed on UK television in, African-American activist and community leader for, politician, first transgender MP in European history, model, singer, and actress.